What is a common concern for a pregnant woman who has used heroin and alcohol extensively?

A common concern for a pregnant woman who has used heroin and alcohol extensively is failure to thrive in the newborn. This outcome is associated with the adverse effects that substances like heroin and alcohol can have on fetal development. Both substances can lead to growth restrictions in utero, resulting in low birth weight and an increased risk of developmental delays and other health issues as the child grows.

Substance use during pregnancy can compromise the placenta's ability to transfer nutrients effectively, and the toxins from these substances can directly interfere with the normal growth processes of the fetus. Consequently, babies born to mothers who have misused these substances may exhibit difficulties in thriving and may require additional medical support in their early days or throughout infancy.

In contrast, while preterm delivery can be a concern, it is not as directly linked to the specific effects of heroin and alcohol as failure to thrive. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is typically not a concern for women who are using such substances, as substance abuse often leads to nutritional deficiencies rather than excess. Increased fetal movement might initially suggest fetal well-being, but it can be misleading, as it may not correlate with overall fetal health, especially in the context of substance use.