In pregnant women, cocaine use has been shown to lead to complications affecting which outcome?

Cocaine use in pregnant women is well-documented to significantly increase various risks related to pregnancy outcomes. One of the most serious complications linked to cocaine use is the increased risk of fetal death. This risk is due to several factors, including the drug's effects on blood vessels, which can lead to reduced blood flow and oxygen to the fetus, as well as potential placental disruptions.

Cocaine can cause acute vasoconstriction, resulting in hypoxia and limiting nutrient delivery to the developing fetus. This can lead to serious complications, including stillbirth. Therefore, understanding the risks associated with cocaine use during pregnancy is crucial for the health and well-being of both the mother and the fetus.

The other options do not align with the established research on the consequences of cocaine use during pregnancy. While there may be impacts on maternal health or fetal development that could suggest increased risks of allergies or changes in fetal weight, these are not as directly associated with cocaine use as the elevated risk of fetal death. Hence, the increased risk of fetal death is the most significant and well-supported outcome linked to cocaine use in pregnancy.